![]() Using the past perfect to show the order of actions in the past How had he paid for college? With a loan.Why had you stopped working at the bank? Because I moved to another state.Where had she lived before she moved here? Kansas and Nebraska.When had he visited New York? Two years ago.What had he done with his library book? I don’t know.Here is the formula: wh + had + subject + past participle. To ask a wh question in the past perfect use the yes/no formula and insert the wh word in front of had. Had they lived in Texas in the past? Yes, they had.Had he ever been to France? Yes, he had.Had you ever seen this film? Yes, I had.The is the formula: had + subject + past participle. To ask a yes/no question in the past perfect, we invert had and the subject. They had ( They’d) been here yesterday.He/She/It had ( He’d) done a good job.I had worked ( I’d worked) there years ago.For a negative sentence, we say: subject + hadn’t + past participle. Her is the formula: subject + had + past participle. To form the past perfect, we use the past of have plus the past participle. You use the present of have (have/has) plus the past participle. You already know how to form the present perfect. The download at the end will give you additional practice using this tense. In this posting I show you how to form the past perfect and how to use it. The past perfect can also sometimes partner with the simple past. Because it is a perfect tense, the action is completely finished. ![]() When we use the past perfect, we can tell in what order the events happened. It is used to emphasize the order of events, specifically the fact that one action occurred before the other.The past perfect tense talks about an action in the past that happened before another action in the past. In summary, the past perfect is a verb tense used when one action happens before another in the past. I was soaking wet because it had rained all the way home. By the time the taxi pulled up, Luke had finished listening to his podcast. Only when I recognized the waiter did I remember that I had been to the restaurant before. Jeffrey knew that Emily had stolen his jacket. They had heard the commotion upon entering the building but didn’t see the police officers until they reached the second floor. It wasn't until I left the house that I realized my flight was open. Joanna had worked tirelessly for over a decade when she finally got a promotion. I went outside and saw that my parents had gone to the store without me. What matters is the tense that shows the order of events. The action that took place first can appear in either the first or second part of the sentence. When the doorbell rang, I had already finished my sandwich. The action that preceded it must use the past perfect tense: I had already finished my sandwich when the doorbell rang. Here’s a past-tense sentence: I ate my sandwich. Pass the test Examples of the past perfect tense Had he already cut his hair when you saw him? Had you heard about the prize money before you joined the search party? Had they been stuck at the mall all day before you drove them home? No + subject + had not - Had he ever worked at a publishing house before he got the job as a book editor?
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![]() ![]() As the water flows aft at greater speed, its kinetic energy increases. It is not the increase in the draft as visually read or as shown on draft indicators.īernoulli’s theorem states that in any moving fluid, the sum of the potential energy, the kinetic energy, and the pressure energy is a constant. The squat is the decrease in under-keel water, that is, the difference between her under-keel clearances when making way and when stopped over the water. This is assuming that they are on even keel when stationary. For fine-form vessels such as passenger liners or container ships the grounding will generally occur at the STERN. If the ship moves forward at too great a speed when she is in shallow water, say where this static even-keel under keel clearance is 1.0 to 1.5 meters, then grounding due to excessive squat could occur at the Bow or at the Stern.įor full-form ships such as Supertankers or OBO vessels, grounding will occur generally at the BOW. It is not the difference between the draughts when stationary and the draughts when the ship is moving ahead. The overall decrease in the static under keel clearance, for’d or aft, is called Ship Squat. This causes a drop in pressure, resulting in the ship dropping vertically in the water.Īs well as dropping vertically, the ship generally trims for’d or aft. The streamlines of return flow are speeded up under the ship. In order not to leave a 'hole' in the water, this volume of water must return down the sides and under the bottom of the ship. When a ship proceeds through water, she pushes water ahead of her. ![]() Start your search for a Mazda Protege with Kijiji Autos today. Kijiji Autos also offers online financing services. Kijiji Autos has a range of Mazda Protege for sale in markets across Canada as well as a suite of advanced search filters that allow you to tailor results by engine type, model year, paint colour, kilometres and more to find your perfect ride. The Mazda Protege was replaced by the Mazda 3 in 2004. In 2003, the Mazdaspeed Protege was launched with its 2.0-litre 4-cylinder engine turbocharged to 170 horsepower. Fuse (Interior) / Replace Interior Fuse Box Location: 1999-2003 Mazda Protege LX 1. Check prices & reviews on aftermarket & stock parts for your 2003 Protege Battery. Engine, Mazda Protege DX, Mazda Protege LX Type, ZMD 1.6L DOHC 16-valve I-4, ZMD 1.6L DOHC 16-valve I-4 Displacement (cc), 1597 cc, 1597 cc Bore x Stroke (mm). The Mazda Protege 5 wagon was launched in 2001 as was the performance-oriented Mazda Protege MP3, which came with lower, stiffer suspension, larger wheels, performance tires and quicker steering. Compare 2003 Mazda Protege Battery brands. The engine in the DX and LX was enlarged to 1.6-litres and now reached 105 horsepower. The vehicle's structure was reinforced at the door pillars, roof rails and side sills for better protection in rollovers and side impacts. The third-generation Mazda Protege was launched for the 1999 model year and featured a range of improvements. Transmissions included a five-speed manual and a four-speed automatic. 12K views 2 years ago Descriptive video showing how to remove and replace the rear struts on a 1999-2003 Mazda Protege. The base model DX and mid-range LX were powered by a 92-horsepower 1.5-litre 4-cylinder engine, while the range-topping SE model came with a 122 horsepower 1.8-litre motor. The second-generation Mazda Protege arrived in 1995 with a longer wheelbase, giving it a more spacious interior than the previous version. The premium LX model came with a more powerful 125 horsepower engine, and all-wheel drive was available until 1993. moment on Laser Blue Mica, the dynamic new hue debuting on the 2003 Mazda Proteg. The Mazda Protege debuted in 1990 as the four-door sedan version of the Mazda 323 hatchback, with the base model powered by a 1.8-litre 4-cylinder engine producing 103 horsepower. every Mazda Proteg, including the LX shown below, and a 4-speed. Fuse (Interior) / Replace Interior Fuse Box Location: 1999-2003 Mazda Protege LX 1. "HBO Max Signs Overall Deal With Marlon Wayans, Sets Pilot Order For Comedy 'Book Of Marlon' & Greenlights Stand-Up Specials". "Baron Cohen, Daniels & Judge Developing Animated HBO Max/CN Special". Reese Witherspoon, Gwyneth Paltrow and Laura Dern are among the celebrities reacting to the news that the Friendscast will get back together in an official reunion. "HBO Max Greenlights Peyton List Ghost Romance Special Event, Acquires Henry Winkler's 'Hank Zipzer' & More". "CNN Films, HBO Max Commission Little Richard Doc 'I Am Everything' From 'All In' Filmmaker Lisa Cortés". "Carole King & James Taylor Documentary From Frank Marshall Set For CNN & HBO Max". 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![]() If you do not wish to agree to these Terms of Use, do not access or use any part of the Web Site. By accessing or using the Web Site, you agree that you have read, understand and agree to be bound by these Terms of Use, as amended from time to time, as well as the Company Privacy Policy, which is hereby incorporated into these Terms of Use. Please read these Terms of Use carefully before accessing or using any part of the Web Site. All users of the Web Site are subject to the following website terms and conditions of use (these “Terms of Use”). If you are accessing the Web Site from outside the United States, Canada, or Puerto Rico, please see the appropriate international website, available at for applicable terms and conditions. ![]() These terms and conditions of use are applicable to the United States, Canada and Puerto Rico websites (“collectively the Web Site”) operated by VWR (the “Company”). HALO® Chromatography Columns and Consumables+. Sartorius laboratory instruments, consumables and services PerkinElmer - Innovating for a Healthier World ![]() Lab Thermometers & Temperature Measurement EquipmentĪgilent Chemistries and Supplies Portfolio Quality Products from Sheldon Manufacturing Life Science Research Solutions, Products, and Resources VWR will support you from the latest life science products to the guaranteed purity of organic building blocks. A strong, vibrant research and development group is the lifeblood of all industries. ![]() Once you have calculated the test statistic, you would need to use a computer or a chi-square table to find the approximate P value. By summing up the calculated values for each of the categories, we can calculate the chi-square test statistic as shown below: You can use the formula below, entering the observed (O) and expected (E) frequencies for each group. This contingency table calculator includes an option to do a Yates' correction.Ĭhi-square is not as complicated as some statistical tests and is sometimes done by hand. With contingency tables, the expected counts are determined using the assumption that the factors are not-related. This calculator allows for more flexible options beyond just that, and decimals are acceptable so long as the expected frequencies add up to the total number of observations.Ī specific use-case of chi-square is analyzing contingency tables. One common assumption is that all groups are equal (e.g. Here is an example of how to calculate expected frequencies. We can compare the counts that we observe to the expected distribution to see if there is evidence that our sample as a whole is different from the hypothesized distribution.Ĭhi-square calculators require you to enter the expected frequencies in each group so that it knows what it is comparing against. Suppose you have 605 subjects in total spread across five categories and observe the counts for each below: Decimals in the expected count are acceptable so long as they do not represent percentages (for 15% of 250 total individuals, enter 37.5). Important: Expected frequencies (like observed) should be entered as counts. Labels for each category are not used in calculation but are often helpful to organize the input data. How to use the chi-square table calculatorĮnter the label (optional), actual counts of observed subjects (or events), and expected counts for each category on a separate line. If you are analyzing rates or percentages, then chi-square is not the appropriate tool. The key is that its focus is on count data. The expected counts can be that they are equal, are based on previous research, follow some statistical distribution, or something else entirely. It is a flexible method where the researcher must determine the expected counts for each group. "Subjects" in the experiment can be individuals, events, items, or anything else so long as it can be counted. A chi-square test compares count data in different groups to their expected counts within each group. Many of the game’s deliveries are set up like puzzles and some obstacles can only be overcome by using a specific vehicle. Needless to say, if you have a friend who’s sitting in the back holding on to your precious package, there’s a lot more chance of it reaching its destination in one piece. When driving a vehicle, for example, it only takes one wrong move to topple it over and send your package flying. I first tested out the game on my own and, while I found it entertaining, it quickly became clear to me that it’s much more fun to share the laughter with others (not to mention the fact that some of the deliveries are significantly harder to complete on your own). Perhaps these moments of hilarity contributed to the fact that I found the game much more enjoyable when I was playing it with friends. Similarly to other physics games like Human Fall Flat, the wobbly avatars in Totally Reliable Delivery Service move slowly and clumsily, and a simple act like lifting up a box and trying to walk at the same time results in some hilarious moments of slapstick humour. With two keys to grab onto levers or lift boxes and an option to jump and roll, it’s easy to get used to the game’s controls but hard to use them effectively. While the premise of Totally Reliable Delivery Service is straightforward, its simple controls are dangerously deceptive. The more deliveries you complete, the more vehicles and cosmetics you can unlock for your character. There are about one hundred and thirty deliveries to make in the game, and for each completed delivery you’ll get awarded either a gold, silver, or bronze achievement. The faster you can deliver your package, and the better its condition, the more points you receive when your delivery is complete. Sometimes you can only reach your delivery destination using one of the game’s unique vehicles, and other times you’ll have to collaborate with friends to make sure you can deliver a package without wrecking it completely. ![]() The premise of Totally Reliable Delivery Service is simple: pick up a package at one of the many delivery machines on the map and deliver it to a different location. ![]() The interface is quite simple with the menu on the left side positioned vertically and the first set of options is the Overview, where you can check some status info, the SSIDs that have at least a client connection, as well as the Realtime CPU loading and live Traffic. Doing so, will open a small window where you need to insert the username and password (admin for both) and that’s it, you can now roam the GUI – immediately change the user name and default password. The EnGenius EWS850AP is advertised as being compatible with ezMaster, but what if you don’t have multiple EnGenius devices and don’t care for the network management platform and simply want to use your AP in standalone mode? Well, you definitely can and to access the user interface, you will need to know what IP address it has been given by the router – check it in the client list and insert it into the URL. Changing the direction and going to 670 feet, I saw an average of 19.1 Mbps upstream and an average of 13.8 Mbps downstream. At 70 feet, I got an average of 128 Mbps and at 350 feet, it dropped to around 54.5. Changing the direction and going at 460 feet (still with those annoying tree branches), I measured and average of 198 Mbps upstream (138 Mbps downstream) and at the highest distance, at 670 Mbps, the signal was still strong enough to deliver and average of 154 Mbps upstream and 31.8 Mbps downstream, so yes, I could still go farther in that direction and would still be able to have suitable Internet access.Īfter switching to the 2.4GHz network, it’s no surprise that the wireless performance was overall better than with the 802.11ac client. At 350 feet, I measured 279 Mbps upstream (and 169 Mbps downstream), while at 570 feet, in the same direction, the average throughput was 112 Mbps down and 62 Mbps downstream. At 70 feet, in front of the access point, the throughput was 414Mbps upstream (and 335 Mbps downstream), so we’re up for a treat. The overall performance on both bands was alright, but it can be much better, so I connected the client equipped with the Intel AX200 WiFi adapter. The 2.4GHz wireless performance wasn’t that impressive and I saw about 74 Mbps at 70 feet (-37dB) and 14.2 Mbps at 350 feet (-62dB), while at the farthest point (670 feet, -72dB), the throughput was barely usable at an average of 6.9 Mbps upstream (and 2.3Mbps downstream). The last location and the farthest in that direction was at 670 feet (-81dB), where I saw an average of 50.3 Mbps upstream (and 10.2 Mbps downstream). I then switched the direction and checked the throughput at 460 feet (-73dB), again, with a tree in the way (but no leaves) and I saw an average of 125 Mbps (it worth mentioning that the server to the client performance dropped quite a bit and only saw an average of 13.5Mbps). Moving even farther and with some branches in the way (it’s winter, so no leaves), I measured an average of 37 Mbps at 570 feet (-68dB). So, while the client device (Intel 8265 802.11ac) was connected to the 5GHz network, I measured an average of 287 Mbps (-43dB), 70 feet away from the access point (in front of it, with clear line of sight) and, after moving away for a bit at up to 350 feet (-64dB), I saw an average of 196 Mbps. On the next step, I had to go outside (sigh), so I chose the same locations as when I tested the other outdoor access points – the results are from the client to the server, but you can check the upstream results in the graph that’s a bit further down (I have used the laptop with the Intel 8265 as the client, followed by the same laptop with the Intel AX200 WiFi card). From the server to the client, I measured around 228 Mbps at 5 feet and an average of 112 Mbps at 30 feet. ![]() I afterwards connected the laptop to the 2.4GHz network and from the client to server, at 5 feet, I measured an average of 354 Mbps, while at 30 feet, the throughput fell to an average of 233 Mbps. ![]() Zoo Tycoon was popular for plenty of reasons, among them the ability to curate your own experience. I tested out scenarios, adding gazelles and other animals to the enclosures. I spent hours constructing the perfect environment from them: all the right trees for shade, lots of dirt, and plenty of food. In particular, I remember building a single enclosure the size of the lot for a pride of lions, my favorite animal at the time. I was enamored by Zoo Tycoon and the freedom it gave me to create something in a way I’d only ever dream about. I wanted to be a veterinarian - someone who helped injured animals, the wilder the better. Many wild animals won’t thrive in captivity - there are many for-profit zoos that are, frankly, inhumane - and being a zookeeper certainly didn’t mean we’d be petting wild animals day-by-day. For many of us, we realized the unlikeliness of these dreams becoming reality. We lived out these fantasies in books and by playing pretend, dreaming up the research centers we’d fund, the animals we’d rehabilitate, and the fur we’d snuggle up to at night. This is a normal day at work in Blue Fang’s Zoo Tycoon, the management simulation game published by Microsoft in 2001.Īs a kid, I wanted nothing more than to be in the presence of all the animals I loved, whether that was scooping their poop or studying their movement. Maybe you can’t keep up with the animal poop, and now the zoo’s patrons are throwing up, too. Sometimes, it’s because the wrong food has been placed in their habitat. You can tell because of the tiny, red frowning faces that have popped up above their heads. |
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